DESTRUCTIVE TESTING (DT)

CHEMICAL TESTING ASR METALLURGY PRIVATE LIMITED

Destructive Testing

Destructive testing evaluates a material's physical properties by subjecting it to controlled stress until failure. This provides critical insights into strength, durability, and real-world performance — ensuring product reliability and safety before materials enter service.

At ASR Metallurgy, our comprehensive destructive testing services are organised into four disciplines: Chemical Testing, Mechanical Testing, Metallographic Testing, and Corrosion Testing.

1. Chemical Testing

Chemical testing identifies and quantifies individual elements within a material, verifying its composition against specified standards. Accurate elemental analysis is essential for confirming strength, durability, corrosion resistance, and fitness for purpose.

At ASR Metallurgy, we use Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) via our SPECTROMAXx spectrometer (AMETEK, Germany) — calibrated against an extensive inventory of Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) — to deliver precise elemental analysis across ferrous and aluminium base metals.

Our Chemical Testing Services

1. Chemical Analysis of Low Carbon & Low Alloy Steel Test Methods:
IS 8811:2018, ASTM E415:2021
Determines elemental composition of low carbon and low alloy steels to verify compliance with industry specifications.

2. Chemical Composition of Cast Iron Test Method:
ASTM E1999:2018
Analyses the chemical makeup of cast iron to evaluate mechanical properties and material quality.

3. Chemical Analysis of Tool Steel Test Method:
JIS G1253:2013
Identifies the elemental constituents of tool steel for performance assessment in high-stress applications.

4. Chemical Composition of Stainless Steel Test Method:
IS 9879:1998
Assesses the corrosion resistance and chemical stability of stainless steel across diverse applications.

5. Chemical Composition of Aluminium Alloys Test Methods:
IS 11035:2014, ASTM E1251:2017
Verifies the composition of aluminium alloys, ensuring lightweight, high-strength properties are met.

Equipment Used:
Optical Emission Spectrometer — SPECTROMAXx (AMETEK, Germany), wavelength range 140–670 nm.

2. Mechanical Testing

Mechanical testing determines how materials behave under applied forces — tension, compression, bending, and impact — ensuring they meet the performance standards required for construction, manufacturing, and engineering applications.

Our laboratory is equipped with Universal Testing Machines (up to 600 KN capacity), Impact Testing Machines with controlled-temperature cooling chambers, and a full suite of hardness testers to deliver comprehensive material evaluation.

Our Mechanical Testing Capabilities
1. Tensile Testing (Including 0.2% Proof Stress)
Test Methods: IS 1608 (Part-1):2022, ASTM E8/E8M-21 Equipment: UTM 600 KN (FIE)
Measures tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation, and percentage reduction in area.

2. Bend Test (Root / Face / Side)
Test Methods: IS 1599:2019, ASTM A370:2021 Evaluates ductility and flexibility by assessing bending performance under controlled conditions.

3. Compression Test
Test Method: IS 7906 (Part-5) Assesses a material's ability to withstand compressive forces without failure.

4. Load Test
Verifies that materials and components can sustain specified loads without permanent deformation or failure.

5. Proof Load Test
Test Methods: IS 1367 (Part-3):2017, IS 1367 (Part-6):2018 Determines the maximum load capacity of fasteners (nuts, bolts) before permanent deformation occurs.

6. Flattening Test
Test Method: IS 2328:2018 Assesses the ductility of tubes by evaluating their ability to flatten without cracking.

7. Drift Expansion Test
Test Method: IS 2335:2005 Evaluates the expansion properties of tubes using a conical drift.

8. Tensile Test for Wires
Test Methods: IS 1608 (Part-1):2022, ASTM E8/E8M-21 Measures the tensile strength and elasticity of wire materials.

9. WPS / WPQR Testing (Welding Procedure Qualification)
Test Methods: ISO 4136:2012, ASME SEC IX:2021 (QW-150), API 1104, AWS D1.1
Ensures welding procedures comply with applicable codes and standards. Includes transverse tensile, bend, macro, and impact tests as required.

10. Impact Charpy Test
Test Methods: IS 1757 (Part-I):2020, ASTM A370:2020 Equipment: Impact Testing Machine (FIE IT-30) with cooling chamber Measures impact toughness at temperatures from ambient down to –40°C (cooling chamber capable to –196°C).

11. Bend/Re-bend Test for TMT Bars
Test Method: IS 1786
Evaluates the ductility and formability of thermo-mechanically treated reinforcement bars.

3. Metallographic Testing

Metallographic testing — or metallography — examines the physical structure and constituents of metals using optical microscopy. It reveals critical features such as grain size, phase distribution, inclusions, and surface condition, providing insights into a material's mechanical behaviour, failure mechanisms, and compliance with specifications.

Our metallographic laboratory is equipped with an Inverted Metallurgical Microscope with digital image analysis and archiving (Quantimet live image technology), and a Stereo Microscope for macrostructure examination.

Our Metallographic Testing Capabilities
1. Microstructure Analysis

Test Method: ASM Metals Handbook, Volume 09; ISO 17639

Evaluates internal structure to identify phase composition, grain boundaries, and structural defects.

2. Grain Size Measurement

Test Methods: IS 4748:2021, ASTM E112-2013

Determines grain size to assess mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, and ductility.

3. Non-Metallic Inclusion Analysis

Test Methods: IS 4163:2021, ASTM E45-18A

Identifies and rates non-metallic inclusions (oxides, sulphides) that can affect material integrity and fatigue life.

4. Nodularity Analysis

Test Methods: IS 7754:1975, ASTM A247:2019

Evaluates graphite nodularity in ductile iron to assess ductility and fatigue strength.

5. Flake Analysis

Test Methods: IS 7754:1975, ASTM A247:2019

Examines graphite flake type and distribution in grey cast iron for strength assessment.

6. Volume Fraction Analysis

Test Method: ASTM E562:2003

Determines the volume fraction of individual phases to predict material performance and verify heat treatment effectiveness.

7. Effective & Total Case Depth Measurement

Test Method: IS 6416:2018

Measures the depth of surface hardening for wear resistance evaluation in carburised and induction-hardened components.

8. Decarburisation Assessment

Test Methods: IS 6396:2008, ASTM E1077:2014

Evaluates surface carbon loss that can reduce hardness, fatigue resistance, and service life.

9. Coating Thickness Measurement

Test Methods: IS 3203:1987, ASTM B487:2020

Assesses coating thickness, uniformity, and adhesion for corrosion protection evaluation.

10. Macroetching Test

Test Methods: IS 13015:1991, IS 3600, ASTM E340:2021

Reveals the macrostructure of metals to identify segregation, porosity, weld penetration, and grain flow characteristics.

Equipment Used: Inverted Metallurgical Microscope with Image Analysis & Archiving System (Quantimet, up to 800×) | Stereo Microscope with Digital Imaging (10×, 20×)

4. Corrosion Testing

Corrosion testing evaluates how materials and coatings perform under exposure to corrosive environments. These tests are essential for selecting appropriate materials, validating coating systems, and ensuring long-term durability in service.

Our Corrosion Testing Capabilities
1. Salt Spray Test
Test Method: ASTM B-117
Simulates accelerated salt-laden environments to evaluate the corrosion resistance of coatings and base materials. Equipment: Salt Spray Chamber (270 litres, Auto Test India)

2. Zinc Coating Test
Test Methods: IS 277, IS 6745
Measures zinc coating thickness and adhesion to verify long-term corrosion protection on galvanised products.

3. Intergranular Corrosion (IGC) Testing
Test Methods: ASTM A262 Practice 'A' & Practice 'E'
Determines the susceptibility of austenitic stainless steels to intergranular corrosion — critical for components exposed to aggressive chemical or high-temperature environments.